Choice A is the best answer. This question tests modifier placement.

1. Context clues: The modifier describes how the archaeologist examined the pottery.
2. Meaning: The phrase should show the archaeologist actively using the equipment.
3. Verify: "Using specialized equipment, the archaeologist" correctly shows who uses the equipment.

💡 Strategy: Participial phrases must clearly modify the subject that immediately follows.

Choice B is incorrect because passive construction makes it unclear who uses the equipment. Choice C is incorrect because it's awkward and incomplete. Choice D is incorrect because it creates a dangling modifier (equipment can't examine pottery).