Text 1: Neuroscientist Dr. Mary Stone explains memory as reconstruction. "Memory doesn't replay stored recordings," Stone writes. "Each recall reconstructs experiences based on current knowledge and context. Memory is creative, not reproductive."
Text 2: Legal scholar Dr. David Park examines eyewitness testimony. "Courts treat memory as relatively stable and accurate," Park observes. "The gap between memory science and legal practice has serious implications. False memories send innocent people to prison."
What institutional problem does Park identify given Stone's memory science?
That courts don't exist in legal systems
That legal reliance on memory conflicts with scientific understanding of its unreliability
That memory science is fraudulent
That eyewitnesses are never called
Correct Answer: B
Choice B is the correct answer. Stone shows memory is reconstructive and unreliable. Park notes courts treat it as stable. This gap—scientific understanding vs. legal practice—produces wrongful convictions.
- Evidence: Park: "gap between memory science and legal practice."
- Reasoning: If memory is unreliable, legal reliance on it is problematic.
- Conclusion: Institutional practice hasn't caught up with science.
Choice A is incorrect because Park discusses courts. Choice C is incorrect because Park relies on Stone's science. Choice D is incorrect because Park discusses eyewitness testimony.