Text 1: Epistemologist Dr. Helen Stone defends reliabilism. "Knowledge requires beliefs produced by reliable processes," Stone argues. "Perception, memory, and reasoning—when functioning properly—yield knowledge. The process, not introspective certainty, matters."
Text 2: Internalist Dr. James Wong challenges external criteria. "Subjects must have access to what justifies their beliefs," Wong contends. "A reliably-produced belief in someone who can't tell reliability from unreliability doesn't constitute knowledge. Justification must be internal."
What does Wong require that Stone's reliabilism doesn't demand?
That beliefs exist in minds
That believers have internal access to what justifies their beliefs
That perception is a cognitive process
That reliability can be measured
Correct Answer: B
Choice B is the correct answer. Stone's reliabilism requires reliable processes—external to awareness. Wong requires subjects to "have access" to justifying factors. Internal access is Wong's addition.
- Evidence: Wong: justification "must be internal."
- Reasoning: Stone allows unknowing reliability; Wong requires awareness.
- Conclusion: Internal access to justification is Wong's requirement.
Choice A is incorrect because both assume beliefs exist. Choice C is incorrect because both accept perception. Choice D is incorrect because measurement isn't the dispute.