Text 1: Sociologist Dr. Emily Ross studies helicopter parenting. "Overinvolved parents prevent children from developing autonomy and resilience," Ross argues. "Risk-averse parenting produces anxious young adults unprepared for independence."
Text 2: Family therapist Dr. Michael Chen offers nuance. "Increased parental involvement often responds to genuine risks—traffic, crime, academic competition," Chen explains. "Labeling concerned parents 'helicopters' ignores changed circumstances requiring more supervision."
What does Chen's response suggest about Ross's analysis?
That Ross's research methods are fundamentally flawed
That Ross may underestimate rational reasons for increased parental involvement
That parental involvement never affects child development
That anxiety in young adults has no cause
Correct Answer: B
Choice B is the correct answer. Chen suggests increased involvement "responds to genuine risks"—rational, not neurotic. Ross may dismiss reasonable parental responses as pathological overinvolvement.
- Evidence: Chen cites real risks (traffic, crime, competition).
- Reasoning: The same behavior might be rational adaptation, not overparenting.
- Conclusion: Ross may underestimate legitimate reasons for involvement.
Choice A is incorrect because Chen doesn't attack methods. Choice C is incorrect because Chen acknowledges development effects. Choice D is incorrect because causes aren't what Chen disputes.