Text 1: Psychologist Dr. Marina Costa supports homework in elementary schools. "Homework establishes study habits and reinforces classroom learning," Costa writes. "Even short assignments teach time management and responsibility."
Text 2: Education researcher Dr. Alan Peters questions elementary homework. "Studies show minimal academic benefit from homework for young children," Peters reports. "After six hours of school, children need unstructured play and rest."
Which choice best describes the fundamental difference between Costa's and Peters's positions?
Costa values skill development while Peters prioritizes well-being and evidence
Costa focuses on secondary education while Peters focuses on college
Costa opposes standardized testing while Peters supports it
Costa believes in natural learning while Peters supports structured curricula
Correct Answer: A
Choice A is the correct answer. Costa emphasizes skills (study habits, time management). Peters emphasizes well-being (play, rest) and cites research.
- Evidence: Costa: foundational skills; Peters: children's needs.
- Reasoning: They prioritize different outcomes.
- Conclusion: Their fundamental difference is what they value for children.
Choice B is incorrect because both discuss elementary education. Choice C is incorrect because testing isn't mentioned. Choice D is incorrect because the distinction doesn't apply here.