Historian Dr. Lisa Wong argues that the narrative of steady progress in history is misleading—civilizational collapses and reversals are common patterns that could recur.
Which historical analysis would best support Wong's vulnerability argument?
History is complex
Some civilizations collapsed
Of 32 major civilizations studied, 28 experienced significant collapse; Bronze Age, Roman, Maya, and other sophisticated societies declined rapidly when key systems failed—complexity itself creates fragility that recurs regardless of technological advancement
Progress has occurred
Correct Answer: C
Choice C is the best answer. High collapse rate + sophisticated societies failing proves pattern applies regardless of advancement.
💡 Strategy: Vulnerability claims need historical frequency data and mechanism explanation.