Economist Dr. Jessica Chen argues that publicly funded basic research generates far greater economic returns than private R&D because it creates knowledge that benefits multiple industries.
9
readingWhich economic study would best support Chen's public research claim?
A
Universities conduct research
B
Companies invest in R&D
C
Analysis of 50 years of public research investments found every 8 in private sector innovation, with technologies like GPS, the internet, and mRNA vaccines tracing to public funding
D
Research takes time
Correct Answer: C
Choice C is the best answer. 8:1 return ratio + transformative technology examples proves extraordinary value.
💡 Strategy: ROI claims need multiplier data plus concrete examples of spillover.