The following text discusses sociology.
The "iron cage" of rationalization, a concept from Max Weber, describes how the spread of rational calculation to all areas of life creates a system from which there is no escape. Bureaucracies, markets, and scientific management extend rational efficiency, but in doing so disenchant the world—stripping meaning and purpose from activities that become mere means to ends. Weber feared this rationalization would proceed regardless of individual choices, creating an "iron cage" of self-perpetuating rationality that imprisons even as it delivers material benefits.
Why did Weber fear rationalization despite its benefits?
Rational calculation fails to improve material conditions
It creates an inescapable system that strips meaning from life
Bureaucracy decreases organizational efficiency
Scientific management liberates workers
Correct Answer: B
Choice B is the correct answer. Weber feared an "iron cage" of rationalization that "disenchant[s] the world—stripping meaning and purpose from activities" while creating a system "from which there is no escape."
- Evidence: Stripping meaning; no escape; iron cage.
- Reasoning: Material benefits come at cost of meaning.
- Conclusion: Inescapable meaninglessness is the fear.
Choice A is incorrect because it "delivers material benefits." Choice C is incorrect because rational efficiency spreads. Choice D is incorrect because workers are imprisoned by the cage.