The following text discusses economic policy.
Universal basic income (UBI) would provide every adult citizen with a regular cash payment regardless of employment status. Supporters argue it could eliminate poverty, reduce bureaucracy, and give workers more power to refuse exploitative jobs. Critics worry about costs, potential inflation, and whether people would continue working. Small-scale trials in Finland and Kenya have produced encouraging results, but scaling such programs nationally remains untested.
Which choice best summarizes the text?
UBI is a promising but debated concept with limited large-scale evidence
UBI has been proven effective in all countries that tried it
UBI only benefits unemployed people
Most economists reject UBI as a failed policy
Correct Answer: A
Choice A is the correct answer. The text presents benefits (supporters' arguments), concerns (critics' worries), and notes "small-scale trials" show promise but "scaling...nationally remains untested."
- Evidence: Arguments for and against, plus limited testing.
- Reasoning: The balanced presentation shows ongoing debate.
- Conclusion: Promising but not proven at scale.
Choice B is incorrect because "scaling...nationally remains untested." Choice C is incorrect because it applies to "every adult citizen." Choice D is incorrect because the text presents both support and criticism.