Years of dedicated research finally led to a breakthrough _______ a vaccine with 99% efficacy.

3
reading

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

A

breakthrough,

B

breakthrough;

C

breakthrough:

D

breakthrough—

Correct Answer: D

Choice D is the best answer. This question tests dash usage for dramatic revelation.

  1. Context clues: What follows dramatically reveals what the breakthrough is.
  2. Meaning: A dash creates dramatic effect when revealing important information.
  3. Verify: "...finally led to a breakthrough—a vaccine with 99% efficacy" creates effective drama.

💡 Strategy: Use a dash for dramatic effect when revealing significant information.

Choice A is incorrect because a comma doesn't provide dramatic emphasis. Choice B is incorrect because a semicolon requires independent clauses. Choice C is incorrect because while a colon works, a dash is more dramatic.