8

Set 13: Exponential Functions

Explanation

Answer: A

A substance decays to 12.5% of its original amount after 15 days. What is the half-life?

A.

5 days

✓ Correct
B.

7.5 days

C.

10 days

D.

3.75 days

Detailed Explanation

Choice A is correct. Choice A is the correct answer. Work backwards from the remaining percentage. 1. Remaining: 12.5% = 18=(12)3\frac{1}{8} = (\frac{1}{2})^3. 2. Half-lives: 3 half-lives have occurred. 3. Half-life period: 153=5\frac{15}{3} = 5 days. 4. Verification: After 15 days = 3 periods: (0.5)3=0.125=12.5%(0.5)^3 = 0.125 = 12.5\% ✓ Strategic Tip: 12.5% = 18\frac{1}{8} means 3 halvings have occurred. Choice B is incorrect because this would give 2 half-lives in 15 days. Choice C is incorrect because this would mean only 1.5 half-lives. Choice D is incorrect because this would mean 4 half-lives.

Key Steps:

The correct answer is 5 days

Why others are wrong:
B: Choice B is incorrect and may result from a calculation error.
C: Choice C is incorrect and may result from a calculation error.
D: Choice D is incorrect and may result from a calculation error.

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